Mobile VoIP : managing , scheduling and refining voice packets to and from mobile phones

This thesis report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering, 2006.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis report.Includes bibliographical references (page 19).Voice over IP (VoIP) is rapidly gaining acceptance. VoIP has already become a multi billion dollar industry in the IT world. On the other hand the use of mobile phones in the world has exceeded all estimations. Given these two technologies, we are unfortunate that there is no VoIP support available for mobile phones. The bridge between VoIP and mobile phones is a long way, but an initiative like this paper would surely lay down the roadmap. Mobile phones have several annoying limitations. Limited data transfer rate, processor speed, lack of protocol implementation etc. are the relevant issues for VoIP. This paper addresses the challenges of VoIP and tries to explore ways to overcome those challenges in mobile phones. The language we used for our experiment is JavaME for its simplicity and wide acceptance.Mohammad Abdus SalamTapan Biswas,B. Computer Science and Engineerin

Probabilistic analysis and prediction of bend migration in meandering alluvial streams

A meandering river is one which exhibits a serpentine course, formed by a series of alternating bends connected by short, relatively straight reaches. Meandering behaviour has been found to be ubiquitous in alluvial streams and rivers. The tendency of the bends in meandering rivers to evolve and shift is a natural outcome of interactions between the flowing water, sediment in transport and the resistance to erosion of the boundary sediments. The resulting formation, evolution and shifting of bends is intrinsic to the morphological behaviour of meandering, alluvial streams. The need to understand and predict this behaviour stems not only from the desire to explain the morphodynamics of meandering rivers, but is also required to manage down the risks to property and infrastructure located along the course of meandering rivers, as well as the people who live, work or travel in the vicinity of alluvial streams with meandering planforms. In this context, the aim of this research is to develop an original, scientifically-based, and practical approach to the risk-based prediction of the hazard associated with bend migration that accounts for the uncertainty inherent to the morphological behaviour of rivers. A database compiled for the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) was used as the primary source of data. This includes data for 1,505 bends taken from 125 locations on 89 rivers spread across 24 States.in the USA The rivers were classified into nine categories of meandering, based on a modified Brice Typology. Bend geometry data in the database were measured from aerial photographs and maps representing the bends in the 1930/40s, 1950/60s and 1990s. It has long been recognised that the dimensionless rate of bend migration (M/W) is related to the stage of bend evolution (initiation, growth, translation, termination) and that this can be represented by the ratio of the bend radius of curvature to the channel width (R/W). It was decided to analyse bend migration based on these parameters and use the dimensionless form of the bend radius as the independent variable in the probabilistic analysis. Using normal conditional density functions fitted to the data, rates of meander migration were estimated corresponding to: 50%, 60%, 75%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, and 99% probabilities of not being exceeded. The risk associated with a hazard depends not only on the probability that it will occur but also the consequences should it do so. In selecting the acceptable level of probability that the predicted rate of migration will not be exceeded, care should therefore be exercised by the user in considering all the possible consequences should this occur

Classroom audit: student self-performance, group performance, and tutor performance in a problem-based learning tutorial

The educational industry has been the subject of a number of enquiries throughout this century. Although some changes have been made in medical education in recent years, many improvements are still needed. Problem-based learning (PBL) is one of the innovative changes that have been made in many universities all over the world; the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Medical Centre has also adopted it as one of its major teaching modalities. A fundamental aspect of the effectiveness of PBL is classroom interpersonal skills. To investigate these interpersonal skills in terms of self-, group, and tutor performance, a questionnaire survey was administered to a group of ten first semester medical students at UKM Medical Centre during mid-2009. In terms of self-performance in decision making, this study revealed that the students made decisions by consensus, while 80% of the students understood other team members and asked questions to clarify. Furthermore, 70% of the students were aware of differences in thinking styles, while 90% were patient listeners. In regard to group performance, 90% of the students felt the group was discussing knowledge, and 100% felt that the group was sharing knowledge. Regarding tutor performance, all students were of the opinion that the tutor established rapport, demonstrated the ground rules of PBL well, and created a non-threatening learning environment. The characteristics of interpersonal skills required in PBL were maintained in this classroom. However, many more students should be aware of the differences in thinking styles among themselves to avoid conflict, and the role of the tutor is very important in this regard. This study reflects the audit of a single PBL classroom. Further audits involving other classrooms are recommended in order to promote organisational performance

Prolonging Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime Using Routing Protocol

Prolonging network lifetime is one of the challenging issues of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Many techniques have been proposed to achieve a longer battery life for the sensor nodes. In this paper, we focus on the routing technique to improve the battery life and extend the network lifetime. Our protocol is based upon the two existing protocols, namely, LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) and PEGASIS (Power Efficient GAthering in Sensor Information Systems). By combining these two basic routing techniques, we propose a new protocol which provides an increase in network lifetime compared to the existing basic protocols

Probabilistic analysis and prediction of bend migration in meandering alluvial streams

A meandering river is one which exhibits a serpentine course, formed by a series of alternating bends connected by short, relatively straight reaches. Meandering behaviour has been found to be ubiquitous in alluvial streams and rivers. The tendency of the bends in meandering rivers to evolve and shift is a natural outcome of interactions between the flowing water, sediment in transport and the resistance to erosion of the boundary sediments. The resulting formation, evolution and shifting of bends is intrinsic to the morphological behaviour of meandering, alluvial streams. The need to understand and predict this behaviour stems not only from the desire to explain the morphodynamics of meandering rivers, but is also required to manage down the risks to property and infrastructure located along the course of meandering rivers, as well as the people who live, work or travel in the vicinity of alluvial streams with meandering planforms. In this context, the aim of this research is to develop an original, scientifically-based, and practical approach to the risk-based prediction of the hazard associated with bend migration that accounts for the uncertainty inherent to the morphological behaviour of rivers. A database compiled for the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) was used as the primary source of data. This includes data for 1,505 bends taken from 125 locations on 89 rivers spread across 24 States.in the USA The rivers were classified into nine categories of meandering, based on a modified Brice Typology. Bend geometry data in the database were measured from aerial photographs and maps representing the bends in the 1930/40s, 1950/60s and 1990s. It has long been recognised that the dimensionless rate of bend migration (M/W) is related to the stage of bend evolution (initiation, growth, translation, termination) and that this can be represented by the ratio of the bend radius of curvature to the channel width (R/W). It was decided to analyse bend migration based on these parameters and use the dimensionless form of the bend radius as the independent variable in the probabilistic analysis. Using normal conditional density functions fitted to the data, rates of meander migration were estimated corresponding to: 50%, 60%, 75%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, and 99% probabilities of not being exceeded. The risk associated with a hazard depends not only on the probability that it will occur but also the consequences should it do so. In selecting the acceptable level of probability that the predicted rate of migration will not be exceeded, care should therefore be exercised by the user in considering all the possible consequences should this occur

Factors Affecting the Stock Price Movement: A Case Study on Dhaka Stock Exchange

Stock market is the mirror of the economy of any country. The strength of the economy reflects in the stock market numeric value. After crisis and fall down in different time over years Bangladesh Stock Market is going to settle in a slow speed. Investors are hoping a strong stock market and management beyond political influential and invincible hands. There may exist hundred or thousand causes and events to bring effect on stock price in the capital market of Bangladesh. The study has selected 17 variables which appear to be effective for the movement of stock price in Bangladesh capital market. From the 17 variables through SPSS dimension reduction (or factor analysis) the study got 5 core factors which affect the stock price. The obtained factors are: Industry Performance, Market Influences, Company Performance, Investor Decision, and Financial Consideration. Also to see the effect of selected variable on stock price movement, one variable – EPS is tested with stock price to see the effect. The result came that EPS is highly correlated to stock price movement in the capital market. As we have got different factors can affect the stock price movement. But investor should protect himself from the bad result of these factors. For this, before and after in stock market business the investors should consider about three main things which are acknowledged fully with company information & performance, risk management and continuous monitoring of stock performance. Keywords: Dhaka Stock Exchange, Fundamental factors, Ideal Price of Stock, EPS, Stock Price, Stock Price Movement

Protein-sparing ability of carbohydrates from different sources in diets for fry of stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis

The experiments were carried out to evaluate the protein-sparing effect in Heteropneustes fossilis fry (0.751 ± 0.01 g) fed for 90 days with six isocaloric diets containing 45, 40 or 35% of casein-protein and 25, 30 or 35% of glucose/dextrin, combined properly as the work purpose. The highest weight gain was recorded in fry fed with 35% dextrin and 35% crude protein level. Interestingly, the value of SGR (2.950±0.017) and PER (1.793±0.03) were significantly (p<0.05) increased with reducing protein level from 45 to 35% and with increasing carbohydrate level from 25% to 35%, respectively. However, the poorest growth was recorded in the fry fed with glucose containing diets than dextrin-containing diets. Protein deposition was significantly (p<0.05) lower in fry fed with the glucose diets at the protein level of 45% than those fed with 40 or 35%, indicating that H. fossilis utilize dextrin easily than glucose. Increase of dextrin content from 35 to 45% did not reduce (p<0.05) the weight gain, even reducing the dietary protein from 45 to 35%. This fact suggests that carbohydrate spare protein by using dextrin as energy source

Hygiene Practices in the Restaurants of Dhaka North City Corporation, Bangladesh

Food safety in food establishments has been considered a global and increasing public health concern in developing countries like Bangladesh. Poor personal and environmental hygiene contributes to food contamination and results in food-borne diseases. This report represents the current hygienic state of middle-scale restaurants of Dhaka North City Corporation in Bangladesh. This study examines the prevailing environment, cleanliness, and hygiene practices of the randomly selected restaurants through on-site visiting. It was a cross-sectional observational study where a total of 134 restaurants were observed by taking the consent of the owner. The data were collected by a structured checklist where variables were categorized as acceptable, moderately acceptable, and unacceptable that denoting whether the restaurants perform all the hygiene practices properly or operate unhygienic activities on daily basis.  However, the study revealed that most restaurants did not follow food hygiene practices whereas 12.7 % of restaurants were located beside unhygienic places, and 79.9 % didn’t have toilet facilities. Nevertheless, the practices of food handlers were also very alarming because most of them did not follow proper dress codes while distributing food among customers. Overall, the study explored that only 9% of restaurants conduct healthy practices whereas 46.3% carried out both healthy and unhealthy practices and 44.7% operate mostly unhygienic practices. Therefore, the study findings will assist the policy makers and planners in designing interventions to improve the sanitary conditions of food establishments and aware the consumer as well. Keywords: Food, Hygiene Practices, Restaurants of Dhaka North City Corporation, Bangladesh. DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/119-05 Publication date:September 30th 202